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Notes

1. Lesson 1 : The Science of Sound 

       Chapter 1 : Earworms

      Chapter 2 : How We Use Sound

2. How to present oral report.

3. How to use Real Reading 4.

4. Pefix , root and suffix

                  fra- : broken pieces

                    e.g.fragily , fragile , franchise

              spc- : to look

                    e.g. spctator , spectacular , specimen

            audi- : to listen

                    e.g. audience , audio , auditarium

              ant- : stands for the profession

                    e.g. flight attendant , applicant , white anglo-saxon protestant

5. Gerogia Rule

6. Pay the bill / Pay the best respect / Pay the visit / Pay the compliment

7.Develop the habit / Develop the film / Develop the discussion

Vocabulary

1.phenomenon /fən'ɑmən,ɑn/ (n.)

•  (1) something (such as an interesting fact or event) that can be observed and studied and that typically is unusual or difficult to understand or explain fully

•  (2) someone or something that is very impressive or popular especially because of an unusual ability or quality

•  

• This follow-the-winemaker phenomenon is a unique wrinkle in our wine culture.

2.infect /ɪnf'ɛkt/ (v.)

•  (1) to cause (someone or something) to become sick or affected by disease

•  (2) to cause (someone) to feel an emotion

•  (3) to spread to (other people)

• If you're sick you should stay home to avoid infecting other people in the office.

•  

• Her enthusiasm has infected everyone.

3.hum /h'ʌm/ (v.)

•  (1) to make a low continuous sound

•  (2) to sing the notes of a song while keeping your lips closed

•  (3) to be very active or busy

•  

• The garden was humming with bees.

• I was humming to myself.
• The restaurant hums on weekends.

4.familiar /fəm'ɪljɚ/ (adj.)

 (1) a member of the household of a high official

 (2)  one who is often seen and well known

 (3)  an intimate associate

 (4)  a spirit often embodied in an animal and held to attend and serve or guard a person

 (5)  one who is well acquainted with something

 (6)  one who frequents a place

1. The essay covers familiar ground.

2. She has become a familiar figure in the world of politics.

3. She spoke in a familiar way about her past.

4. an essay written in a familiar style

5. They felt the waiter was being overly familiar.

5.neurologist /nʊr'ɑlədʒəst/ (n.)

 (1)  one specializing in neurology

 (2)  a physician skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of disease of the nervous system  

Gio's paying for the best neurologist in the world

6.sack /s'æk/ (n.)

 (1)  a usually rectangular-shaped bag (as of paper, burlap, or canvas)

 (2)  the amount contained in a sack

 (3)  a fixed amount of a commodity used as a unit of measure

 (4)  a woman's loose-fitting dress

 (5) a short usually loose-fitting coat for women and children

 (6)  a base in baseball

 (7) dismissal

 (8) sacque

 (9) hammock, bunk

 (10) bed

 (11)  an instance of sacking the quarterback in football

Brandon handed a small sack to Rachel.

She jerked on the sack again. .

It was high time, after the sack of Rome in 1527, that Charles V.

He opened the door for her and took the sack of groceries.

7.device /dɪv'ɑɪs/ (n.)

The company's method of tracking expenses is just a devices to make it seem more profitable.

•  (1) an object, machine, or piece of equipment that has been made for some special purpose

•  (2) a weapon that explodes

•  (3) something that is done in order to achieve a particular effect

•  

• The store sells TVs, VCRs, and other electronic devices.

8.subject /səbdʒ'ɛkt/ (n.)

•  (1) the person or thing that is being discussed or described

•  (2) an area of knowledge that is studied in school

•  (3) a person or thing that is being dealt with in a particular way

•  

• The new museum is the subject of an article in today's paper.

•  

• Chemistry was my favorite subject in high school.

•  

• hese meetings would be much shorter if we could keep him from getting off the subject.

9.activate /'æktəv,et/ (v.)

 (1) to make active or more active

 (2) to make (as molecules) reactive or more reactive

 (3) to convert (as a provitamin) into a biologically active derivative

 (4) to make (a substance) radioactive

 (5)  to treat (as carbon or alumina) so as to improve adsorptive properties

 (6) to set up or formally institute (as a military unit) with the necessary personnel and equipment  

 (7)  to put (an individual or unit) on active duty

1. Touch the screen to activate the system.

2. Sunlight activates a chemical reaction in the plant's leaves.

3. vitamins that activate the growth of new cells

4. The President has activated the reserves.

10.itch /'ɪtʃ/ (v.)

•  (1) to have or produce an unpleasant feeling on your skin or inside your mouth, nose, etc. that makes you want to scratch

•  (2) to have a strong desire to do something or for something

•  

• His eyes began to burn and itch because of his allergies

11.catchy /k'ætʃi/ (adj.)

 (1) appealing and easy to remember

I can't think of a catchy name for my blog.

12.histamine /h'ɪstəm,in/ (n.)

 (1)  a chemical substance in the body that causes the symptoms that people experience when they are allergic to something

Beer, wine and liquor contain histamine, produced by yeast and bacteria during the fermentation process.

13.acoustic /ək'ustɪk/ (adj.)

 (1) of or relating to sound or to the sense of hearing

 (2) not having its sound changed by electrical devices

 (3) made with or using acoustic instruments

Chris plays the acoustic guitar in the band.

He has recorded an  acoustic album of some of his greatest hits.

14.tune /t'un/ (n.)

 (1) a series of musical notes that produce a pleasing sound when played or sung

I hummed a little tune while I sorted the laundry

15.consciousness /k'ɑnʃəsnəs/ (n.)

•  (1) the condition of being conscious : the normal state of being awake and able to understand what is happening around you

•  (2) a person's mind and thoughts

•  (3) knowledge that is shared by a group of people

•  

• The medication caused her to enter an altered state of consciousness.

• The events have become part of the national consciousness.

• He hopes that he can raise public consciousness of the disease.

16.cognitive /k'ɑgnɪtɪv/ (adj.)

 (1) of, relating to, or involving conscious mental activities (such as thinking, understanding, learning, and remembering)

Homo sapiens' survival is founded in their filling an evolutionary niche referred to as the cognitive niche.

17.protest /pr'ot,ɛst/ (n.)

•  (1) something said or done that shows disagreement with or disapproval of something

•  (2) an event at which people gather together to show strong disapproval about something

•  

• He heard protests from the crowd.

•  

• The students launched a protest against the tuition increase.

18.factor /f'æktɚ/ (n.)

•  (1) something that helps produce or influence a result : one of the things that cause something to happen

•  (2) a number that evenly divides a larger number

•  (3) an amount by which another amount is multiplied or divided

•  

• There were several factors contributing to their recent decline.

• Poor planning was a major factors in the company's failure.

19.susceptible /səs'ɛptəbəl/ (adj.)

•  (1) easily affected, influenced, or harmed by something

•  (2) capable of being affected by a specified action or process

•  

• The virus can infect susceptible individuals.

20.invade /ɪnv'ed/ (v.)

•  (1) to enter (a place, such as a foreign country) in order to take control by military force

•  (2) to enter (a place) in large numbers

•  (3) to enter or be in (a place where you are not wanted)

•  

• The troops invaded at dawn.

• When tourists invade, the town is a very different place.

• The cancer eventually invaded the brain.

21.innovation /,ɪnəv'eʃən/ (n.)

 (1) a new idea, device, or method

•  (2) the act or process of introducing new ideas, devices, or methods

• She is responsible for many innovations in her field.

• the latest  innovations in computer technology

22.property /pr'ɑpɚti/ (n.)

•  (1) something that is owned by a person, business, etc.

•  (2) a piece of land often with buildings on it that is owned by a person, business, etc.

•  (3) a special quality or characteristic of something

•  

• We are not responsible for the loss of personal property.

• He was trying to sell stolen property.

• He owns several valuable properties in the area.

23.frequency /fr'ikwənsi/ (n.)

 (1) the fact or condition of occurring frequently

 (2) the number of times that a periodic function repeats the same sequence of values during a unit variation of the independent variable

 (3) the number, proportion, or percentage of items in a particular category in a set of data

 (4) the number of repetitions of a periodic process in a unit of time  

 (5) the number of complete alternations per second of an alternating current

 (6) the number of complete oscillations per second of energy (as sound or electromagnetic radiation) in the form of waves

The frequency of student errors was frustrating to the young teacher.

1. Our visits decreased in frequency.

2. Errors were occurring with increasing frequency.

24.lethal /l'iθəl/ (adj.)

 (1) causing or able to cause death

He was sentenced to death by lethal injection.

25.suspect /səsp'ɛkt/ (adj.)

 (1)  not able to be trusted : causing feelings of doubt or suspicion

The room had a suspect odor.